Are ‘United Left’ and ‘Human Blockade’ Populist on Facebook? A Comparative Analysis of Electoral Campaigns

This paper aims to analyse the extent to which new political parties in Croatia and Slovenia use populist political communication discourse in social media. This paper focuses on two new parties that entered the parliament in the most recent elections: Živi zid (Human Blockade) in Croatia, and Združena levica (United Left) in Slovenia. The paper will analyse these parties’ political communication on Facebook. The main question guiding the analysis is: to what extent are new parties in Croatia and Slovenia populist in their political communication on Facebook? The method used in the paper will be content analysis, with a Facebook post as a unit of analysis. The content analysis will be performed on posts published over a period of two weeks prior to the general elections (electoral campaigns).

Alessandro Albertini

Alessandro Albertini


Alessandro Albertini is PhD Candidate in Political Science at Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies in Pisa. He received a Bachelor and a Master’s degree in Political Science and International Relations at the University of Pisa. Albertini currently studying the main populist parties in Southern and Eastern Europe with focus on organization and communication strategies.

Dina Vozab

Dina Vozab


Dina Vozab is a researcher at the Centre for Media and Communication Research, Faculty of Political Science, University of Zagreb, Croatia. She defended her PhD thesis in 2016 under the title: “Media audiences and democracy in Croatia: social stratification as a predictor of media use and its role for political participation”. Her research interests are media audiences, media systems and the relationship between media, civil society and political participation.



1. Do you agree that Facebook doesn’t fit well with a populist communication?
2. If these parties are not populist in their communication on Facebook, could they be populist in other aspects and in what?
3. Do you see a strong link between social movement protests austerity and the rise of populist parties in Croatia and Slovenia?
4. Do you see similarities between the rise of populist parties in Southern Europe and in the Balkans?
5. According to you, why did Human Blockade rely more on Facebook during the electoral campaign and used more populist messages than United Left?

Aalberg, Toril, Esser, Frank, Reinemann, Carsten, Strömbäck, Jesper, de Vreese, Claes H. 2016. Populist political communication in Europe, New York and London: Routledge.
Engesser, Sven, Ernst, Nicole, Esser Frank and Büchel, Florin .2016. Populism and social media: how politicians spread a fragmented ideology, Information, Communication & Society, Volume 20, Issue 8
Grbeša, Marijana and Šalaj, Berto. 2016. Textual Analysis of Populist Discourse in 2014/2015 Presidential Election in Croatia, Contemporary Southeastern Europe, 3(1), 106-127;
Toplišek, Alen. 2017. The Slovenian United Left: from protest to movement, and from movement to party Open Democracy 19 January 2017 (accessed 2 june 2017) retrieved from https://www.opendemocracy.net/can-europe-make-it/alen-topli-ek/slovenian-united-left-from-protest-to-movement-and-from-movement-to

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